Prior to 1931 there was no modern written constitution in the history of ethiopia. Pdf constitution, constitutionalism and foundation of. Historical, philosophical, psychological and sociological perspectives aweke shishigu a paper presented in the 33 rd may annual international educational conference of bahir dar university, ethiopia may 89, 2015 abstract. Accordingly, whenever ethiopian authors are referred to in this text rst name given precedes the middle fathers name and then followed by last grand fathers name. All members of the ethiopian army owe absolute loyalty and obedience to the emperor, in conformity with the provisions of the law. The eprdf won 484 out of 547 seats in the assembly. The structure of the ethiopian government and the new constitutions ability to overcome ethiopias problems t. Retirement programs for certain groups of state and local government employeesmainly teachers, police officers, and fire fightersdate back to the 19th century. Strongly committed, in full and free exercise of our right to selfdetermination, to building a political community founded on the rule of law and capable of ensuring a lasting peace, guaranteeing a democratic order, and advancing our economic and social development. Democracy, human rights, and governance ethiopia u. In addition to the central government, there are nine regional. Unlike its japanese model, the ethiopian constitution was a simple document of 55.
The founders of the constitution were delegates appointed by the state legislatures to represent each states welfare. All ethiopian languages shall enjoy equal state recognition. Despite the fact that ethiopia has a long and rich tradition of indigenous philosophy and education that could have been a solid foundation for its development and modern education like for example, the case in east asia, however, it had simply. However, these pledges were not translated into practice.
Chapter 9 is about primary health care and the definition, historical development, concepts and philosophies of primary health care. Constitution of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia wipo. The design of a constitution and its process of development can play an important role in peaceful political. Constitutional development in ethiopia volume 10 issue 2 bereket habte. Seleshi zeyohannes, constitutional law ii page 3 of 372 part i. Any economic and social development activity voluntarily performed by a. Ethiopian constitution of 1931 3 may be appointed o cers in the army or civil o cials, or to any other posts or o ces in the service of the state. About the constitution of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia. Thus, all through history, ethiopia has been the center stage of human development in many pivotal ways. During the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, emperor menelik ii created the current ethiopian stat. International development association information, education, communication.
Law and religion in ethiopia the evolution of a complex. Click download or read online button to get ethiopian constitutional development book now. Between 1959 and 1961 i worked with an ethiopian research student, getacaw takla maryam, on the constitutional history of ethiopia from the aksumite period first to fourth centuries a. The constitution of the united states preamble we the people of the united states, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do. The state of the tigray people constitution amendment 1998 tigrigna and amharic version the 1995 ethiopian constitution explanatory note amharic version the 1995 fdre constitution minutes part one.
Ethnicity serves as the foundation for ethiopia s political parties and is what motivates the constitution s twotiered federal system. This constitution is an expression of their sovereignty. History and ideology 57 selfadministration through regional autonomy. How history and the 1931 ethiopian constitution perceive the ethiopians by getachew haile this short article addresses the issue of how ethiopias social and political problems are sometimes. Ancient and medieval documents of constitutional nature.
Pdf this paper tries to explain constitution, constitutionalism and foundation of. A descriptive overview 43 conflict and the ultimate downfall of the dergue military junta in 1991. Constitution of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia. Ethiopias ancient system of feudal government experienced significant changes under haile selassie i reigned 193074, who carefully grafted onto the traditional governing institutions a weak parliament of appointed and elected legislators, a judiciary with modernized civil and criminal codes and a hierarchy of courts, and an executive. Constitution of ethiopia wikisource, the free online library. The peoples democratic republic of elhiopia is a soverei, state whose territory comprisin, the land.
Pdf this paper tries to explain constitution, constitutionalism and. Development bank of ethiopia carbon initiative for development cidev component 3 of ethiopia additional financing for energy access project environmental and social management framework esmf for ethiopia offgrid renewable energy program and ethiopia clean cooking energy program final february 2017 addis ababa, ethiopia. Critical analysis of the applicability of the right to development in the ethiopian context prepared by. Constitutional development in ethiopia volume 10 issue 2 bereket habte selassie. The constitution consists of 106 articles in 11 chapters. Ethiopian constitution africa center, university of. During the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, emperor menelik ii created the current ethiopian state through expansion and conquest. Accordingly, the ethiopian state shall be known as the federal democratic. For example, abdisa aga, which means abdissa, the son of aga. Everyone has the right to the free development of his personality in a manner.
Their sovereignty shall be expressed through their representatives elected in accordance with this constitution and through their direct democratic participation article 9 supremacy of the constitution. M a thesis presented to the school of graduates studies, addis ababa university, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of master of laws in public international law. The united states constitution was constructed on september 17, 1787 after months of conflicting views, heated debates and clashing ideas finally yielded to compromise and thoughtful reconsiderations. Ethiopian constitution pdf free download as pdf file. The national anthem of ethiopia, to be determined by law, shall reflect the ideals of the constitution, the commitment of the peoples of ethiopia to live together in a democratic order and of their common destiny. Ethiopian patronymic usage ethiopians commonly use the fathers given name as patronymics after their own. Constitutional history of ethiopia constitutionnet. Part one is largely dealt about the constitution and constitutional development in ethiopia. Chapter 8 is about health service in ethiopia and the history, the structure and the developments of the health service. A proposed revision of the 1955 constitution was released in 1974, but it had no legal effect, and was soon forgotten in the events of the ethiopian revolution. Constitutional development in ethiopia journal of african law. Any economic and social development activity voluntarily performed by a community within its locality. Constitution of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia home basic information general. We, the nations, nationalities and peoples of ethiopia.
The ethiopian constitution lays out the legal rights of citizens to hold opinions, thoughts, and free expressions. Constitution of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia home basic information general information the house of peoples representatives the house of the federation current developments. It addresses the volatile issues of ethnicity and selfdetermination. Comments this is the official text as published in the federal negarit gazeta of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia, 1st year no. If you want a design that attract customers we can design it. The axumite civilization which heralds the beginning of. Now that the ethnic federal experiment is more than a decade old, it is possible to make a tentative evaluation of its performance. Ethiopian constitution the following english translation of the ethiopian draft constitution is an unofficial draft that has been released to enable members of the international community follow the discussions and forthcoming elections, pending publication of the official translation. Any law, customary practice or a decision of an organ of state or a public official which contravenes this constitution shall be of no effect. Thus, the eprdf that assumed power in may 1991 after its protracted 17 year armed insurgency undertaken the reconstruction of the ethiopian state.
All the natives of ethiopia, subjects of the empire, form together the ethiopian empire. Article 93 of the ethiopian constitution deals with a declaration of a state of. The precarious future of the ethiopian constitution. The 1931 constitution of ethiopia was the first modern constitution for ethiopia, intended to officially replace the fetha nagast, which had been the supreme law since the middle ages. The period 1434 1974 the period before 1434 the era of modern codified laws 19311974 written imperial constitutions the civil code of 1960 and other laws ii. Constitutional development in ethiopia cambridge university press. The roles and challenges of ethiopian national human rights institutions in the protection of human rights in light of the paris principles by yemsrach endale submitted to central european university department of legal studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the l. The peoples democratic republic of ethiopia shall, while ae romplishing the national democratic revolution, lay. The chilot jurisdiction of the emperor of ethiopia, a legal analysis in historical and comparative perspective, 1964, f.
The constitutional history of ethiopia the journal of. The 1931 constitution of ethiopia was the first modern constitution for ethiopia, intended to. Pdf constitution, constitutionalism and foundation of democracy in. The current constitution of ethiopia, which is the supreme law of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia, came into force on 21 august 1995. In june 1994 ethiopian voters elected representatives to a constituent assembly, charged with writing a new democratic constitution. The territory of ethiopia, in its entirety, is, from one end to the other, subject to the government of his majesty the emperor. Historical paradigm chapter i development of documentary constitution section i. Ethiopias human development index score has steadily increased over the past decade, but its participation and human rights score has remained stagnant. Both process and substance are critical for the success of constitutionmaking.
Ethiopia s 1994 constitution is a direct result of the government pursuing a policy of ethnic democracy. Advertise on specific pages to attract your clients specifically. To this end, the main purpose of this paper is to explain the new democratic constitutional. Why an alternative approach to national development. Constitution of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia ilo. Ethiopian constitutional development download ebook pdf. Ethiopian constitution of 1931 1 chapter i the ethiopian empire and the succession to the throne art. How history and the 1931 ethiopian constitution perceive. A new constitution granting special rights to different ethnic groups in ethiopia was ratified in december, and became effective in august 1995. According to a paper by the center for international human rights at northwestern university school of law, the cso law is the product of the ethiopian governments deep suspicion of civil society and has been frequently used to silence any organization that advocates for human rights in ethiopia.
It was promulgated in an impressive ceremony held 16 july 1931 in the presence of emperor haile selassie, who had long desired to proclaim one for his country. While election of new leadership of the ruling party has brought forth a surge of optimism in most quarters that democratic space will expand, stability is still fragile as ethnic and identitybased conflict prevails. This paper tries to explain constitution, constitutionalism and foundation of democracy in ethiopia. National anthem of ethiopia the national anthem of ethiopia, to be determined by law, shall reflect the ideals of the constitution, the commitment of the peoples of ethiopia to live together in a democratic order and of their common destiny. The 1995 ethiopian constitution english and amharic version. The constitution was adopted on 8 december 1994 and promulgated by the constitution of the federal democratic. The origin and character of ethiopian central institutions can be understood by reference to at least four main factors.
Since eritrea was an ethiopian province, how did it become. Ethiopian constitution has a provision stating that people affected by development. The historical legacy of inequality and discrimination suffered by women in. Critical analysis of the applicability of the right to. A proposed revision of the 1955 constitution was released in 1974, but it had no legal effect, and was soon forgotten in the events of.
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